[root /dev]$ ls sd*
sda sda1 sda2 sdb sdc sdd sde sdf sdg
[root /dev]$ fdisk /dev/sdb
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-512, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-512, default 512): +100M
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdb: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 1 96 98288 83 Linux
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[root /dev]$ ls
MAKEDEV hdb ram15 tty14 tty57
VolGroup00 hdc ram2 tty15 tty58
X0R hidraw0 ram3 tty16 tty59
adsp hidraw1 ram4 tty17 tty6
agpgart hpet ram5 tty18 tty60
audio initctl ram6 tty19 tty61
autofs input ram7 tty2 tty62
bus js0 ram8 tty20 tty63
cdrom kmsg ram9 tty21 tty7
cdrom-hdc log ramdisk tty22 tty8
cdrw loop0 random tty23 tty9
cdrw-hdc loop1 rawctl tty24 ttyS0
cdwriter loop2 root tty25 ttyS1
cdwriter-hdc loop3 rtc tty26 ttyS2
console loop4 sda tty27 ttyS3
core loop5 sda1 tty28 urandom
cpu_dma_latency loop6 sda2 tty29 usbdev1.1_ep81
disk loop7 sdb tty3 usbdev2.1_ep00
dmmidi lp0 sdb1 tty30 usbdev2.1_ep81
dsp mapper sdc tty31 usbdev2.2_ep00
dvd md0 sdd tty32 usbdev2.2_ep81
dvd-hdc mem sde tty33 usbdev2.2_ep82
dvdrw midi sdf tty34 usbdev2.3_ep00
dvdrw-hdc mixer sdg tty35 usbdev2.3_ep81
dvdwriter net sequencer tty36 vcs
dvdwriter-hdc network_latency sequencer2 tty37 vcs2
fd network_throughput sg0 tty38 vcs3
fd0 null sg1 tty39 vcs4
fd0u1040 nvram sg2 tty4 vcs5
fd0u1120 oldmem sg3 tty40 vcs6
fd0u1440 par0 sg4 tty41 vcs7
fd0u1680 parport0 sg5 tty42 vcs8
fd0u1722 parport1 sg6 tty43 vcsa
fd0u1743 parport2 shm tty44 vcsa2
fd0u1760 parport3 snapshot tty45 vcsa3
fd0u1840 port snd tty46 vcsa4
fd0u1920 ppp stderr tty47 vcsa5
fd0u360 ptmx stdin tty48 vcsa6
fd0u720 pts stdout tty49 vcsa7
fd0u800 ram systty tty5 vcsa8
fd0u820 ram0 tty tty50 vmci
fd0u830 ram1 tty0 tty51 vsock
floppy ram10 tty1 tty52 zero
floppy-fd0 ram11 tty10 tty53
full ram12 tty11 tty54
gpmctl ram13 tty12 tty55
hda ram14 tty13 tty56
[root /dev]$ ls sd*
sda sda1 sda2 sdb sdb1 sdc sdd sde sdf sdg
[root /dev]$ mount /dev/sdb1 /mailhome
mount: you must specify the filesystem type
[root /dev]$ mount /dev/sdb1 /mailhome
mount: you must specify the filesystem type
[root /dev]$ useradd -d /mailhome/muser1 muser1
[root /dev]$ useradd -d /mailhome/muser2 muser2
[root /dev]$ useradd -d /mailhome/muser3 muser3
[root /dev]$ ls /mailhome/
muser1 muser2 muser3
===========================
2번 장치 설정
[user1@centos2 ~]$ vi .bashrc
PS1="\h[\u \$PWD]$ "
export PS1
lias df='df -h'
[user1@centos2 ~]$ source .bashrc
root 도 같이 설정
centos2[root /etc]# vi hosts
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]# hostname
centos2
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]# cd /dev
centos2[root /dev]# ls sd* hd*
hda hdb hdc sda sda1 sda2 sdb sdb1 sdc sdd sde sdf sdg
centos2[root /dev]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
centos2[root /dev]# df
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 14G 3.7G 8.7G 30% /
/dev/sdb1 494M 11M 458M 3% /home
tmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /dev/shm
centos2[root /dev]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-512, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-512, default 512): +100M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 2
First cylinder (97-512, default 97):
Using default value 97
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (97-512, default 512): +100M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 3
First cylinder (193-512, default 193):
Using default value 193
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (193-512, default 512): +100M
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
e
Selected partition 4
First cylinder (289-512, default 289):
Using default value 289
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (289-512, default 512): 512
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
centos2[root /dev]# mkfs.ext3 sdc1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
24576 inodes, 98288 blocks
4914 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
12 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 21 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
centos2[root /dev]# mkfs.ext3 sdc2
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
24576 inodes, 98304 blocks
4915 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
12 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
centos2[root /dev]# mkfs.ext3 sdc3
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
24576 inodes, 98304 blocks
4915 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
12 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 34 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
centos2[root /dev]# mkfs.ext3 sdc4
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
sdc4: Invalid argument passed to ext2 library while setting up superblock
centos2[root /dev]#
centos2[root /dev]#
centos2[root /dev]# cd /
centos2[root /]# mkdir /mailhome
centos2[root /]# mount /dev/sdc1 /mailhome
centos2[root /]# useradd muser1
centos2[root /]# useradd muser2
centos2[root /]# useradd muser3
centos2[root /]# userdel -r muser1
centos2[root /]# userdel -r muser2
centos2[root /]# userdel -r muser3
centos2[root /]# df /mailhome
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sdc1 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mailhome
centos2[root /]# useradd -d /mailhome/muser1 muser1
centos2[root /]# useradd -d /mailhome/muser2 muser2
centos2[root /]# useradd -d /mailhome/muser3 muser3
centos2[root /]# df
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 14G 3.8G 8.7G 31% /
/dev/sdb1 494M 11M 458M 3% /home
tmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdc1 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mailhome
centos2[root /]# grep LABEL /etc/fstab
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults 1 2
LABEL=SWAP-sda2 swap swap defaults 0 0
centos2[root /]# e2label
Usage: e2label device [newlabel]
centos2[root /]# /dev/sdb1
-bash: /dev/sdb1: 허가 거부됨
centos2[root /]# /dev/sdb1/home
-bash: /dev/sdb1/home: 디렉토리가 아닙니다
centos2[root /]# e2label /dev/sdb1/home
e2label: 디렉토리가 아닙니다 while trying to open /dev/sdb1/home
Couldn't find valid filesystem superblock.
centos2[root /]# e2label /dev/sdb1
/home
centos2[root /]# e2label /dev/sdc1
centos2[root /]# e2label /dev/sdc1
centos2[root /]# e2label /dev/sdc1 /mailhome
centos2[root /]# e2label /dev/sdc1
/mailhome
centos2[root /]# cd /etc/fstab
-bash: cd: /etc/fstab: 디렉토리가 아닙니다
centos2[root /]# cd /etc/
centos2[root /etc]# vi fstab
centos2[root /etc]# tail -1 fstab
LABEL=/mailhome /mailhome ext3 defaults 1 2
centos2[root /etc]# umount /dev/sdc1
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a
centos2[root /etc]# df | grep mailhome
/dev/sdc1 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mailhome
centos2[root /etc]# ls /mailhome/
lost+found muser1 muser2 muser3
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a
centos2[root /etc]# ls /mailhome/
lost+found muser1 muser2 muser3
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]# clear
entos2[root /root]# dumpe2fs /dev/sdc2
uuid로 하기
centos2[root /etc]# tail -1 /etc/fstab
LABEL=/mailhome /mailhome ext3 defaults 1 2
centos2[root /etc]# cd /etc
centos2[root /etc]# cat fstab
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda2 swap swap defaults 0 0
LABEL=/mailhome /mailhome ext3 defaults 1 2
centos2[root /etc]# vi fstab
centos2[root /etc]# umount -a
umount: /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs: device is busy
umount: /: device is busy
centos2[root /etc]# umount -a
umount: /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs: device is busy
umount: /: device is busy
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a
mount: mount point /mnt/d3p1 does not exist
centos2[root /etc]# mkdir /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a
centos2[root /etc]# dumpe2fs /dev/sdc2
dumpe2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem volume name: <none>
Last mounted on: <not available>
Filesystem UUID: 1826b590-f1e9-4393-a012-c353849c52fb
Filesystem magic number: 0xEF53
Filesystem revision #: 1 (dynamic)
Filesystem features: has_journal resize_inode dir_index filetype needs_reco very sparse_super
Default mount options: (none)
Filesystem state: clean
Errors behavior: Continue
Filesystem OS type: Linux
Inode count: 24576
Block count: 98304
Reserved block count: 4915
Free blocks: 89531
Free inodes: 24565
First block: 1
Block size: 1024
Fragment size: 1024
Reserved GDT blocks: 256
Blocks per group: 8192
Fragments per group: 8192
Inodes per group: 2048
Inode blocks per group: 256
Filesystem created: Thu Jun 26 05:22:14 2014
Last mount time: Thu Jun 26 05:53:29 2014
Last write time: Thu Jun 26 05:53:29 2014
Mount count: 1
Maximum mount count: 32
Last checked: Thu Jun 26 05:22:14 2014
Check interval: 15552000 (6 months)
Next check after: Tue Dec 23 05:22:14 2014
Reserved blocks uid: 0 (user root)
Reserved blocks gid: 0 (group root)
First inode: 11
Inode size: 128
Journal inode: 8
Default directory hash: tea
Directory Hash Seed: 20c2b6ca-d696-44d4-924e-3c25281dcd62
Journal backup: inode blocks
Journal size: 4114k
Group 0: (Blocks 1-8192)
Primary superblock at 1, Group descriptors at 2-2
Reserved GDT blocks at 3-258
Block bitmap at 259 (+258), Inode bitmap at 260 (+259)
Inode table at 261-516 (+260)
3548 free blocks, 2037 free inodes, 2 directories
Free blocks: 4645-8192
Free inodes: 12-2048
Group 1: (Blocks 8193-16384)
Backup superblock at 8193, Group descriptors at 8194-8194
Reserved GDT blocks at 8195-8450
Block bitmap at 8451 (+258), Inode bitmap at 8452 (+259)
Inode table at 8453-8708 (+260)
7676 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 8709-16384
Free inodes: 2049-4096
Group 2: (Blocks 16385-24576)
Block bitmap at 16385 (+0), Inode bitmap at 16386 (+1)
Inode table at 16387-16642 (+2)
7934 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 16643-24576
Free inodes: 4097-6144
Group 3: (Blocks 24577-32768)
Backup superblock at 24577, Group descriptors at 24578-24578
Reserved GDT blocks at 24579-24834
Block bitmap at 24835 (+258), Inode bitmap at 24836 (+259)
Inode table at 24837-25092 (+260)
7676 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 25093-32768
Free inodes: 6145-8192
Group 4: (Blocks 32769-40960)
Block bitmap at 32769 (+0), Inode bitmap at 32770 (+1)
Inode table at 32771-33026 (+2)
7934 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 33027-40960
Free inodes: 8193-10240
Group 5: (Blocks 40961-49152)
Backup superblock at 40961, Group descriptors at 40962-40962
Reserved GDT blocks at 40963-41218
Block bitmap at 41219 (+258), Inode bitmap at 41220 (+259)
Inode table at 41221-41476 (+260)
7676 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 41477-49152
Free inodes: 10241-12288
Group 6: (Blocks 49153-57344)
Block bitmap at 49153 (+0), Inode bitmap at 49154 (+1)
Inode table at 49155-49410 (+2)
7934 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 49411-57344
Free inodes: 12289-14336
Group 7: (Blocks 57345-65536)
Backup superblock at 57345, Group descriptors at 57346-57346
Reserved GDT blocks at 57347-57602
Block bitmap at 57603 (+258), Inode bitmap at 57604 (+259)
Inode table at 57605-57860 (+260)
7676 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 57861-65536
Free inodes: 14337-16384
Group 8: (Blocks 65537-73728)
Block bitmap at 65537 (+0), Inode bitmap at 65538 (+1)
Inode table at 65539-65794 (+2)
7934 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 65795-73728
Free inodes: 16385-18432
Group 9: (Blocks 73729-81920)
Backup superblock at 73729, Group descriptors at 73730-73730
Reserved GDT blocks at 73731-73986
Block bitmap at 73987 (+258), Inode bitmap at 73988 (+259)
Inode table at 73989-74244 (+260)
7676 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 74245-81920
Free inodes: 18433-20480
Group 10: (Blocks 81921-90112)
Block bitmap at 81921 (+0), Inode bitmap at 81922 (+1)
Inode table at 81923-82178 (+2)
7934 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 82179-90112
Free inodes: 20481-22528
Group 11: (Blocks 90113-98303)
Block bitmap at 90113 (+0), Inode bitmap at 90114 (+1)
Inode table at 90115-90370 (+2)
7933 free blocks, 2048 free inodes, 0 directories
Free blocks: 90371-98303
Free inodes: 22529-24576
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]# cat /etc/mtab
/dev/sda1 / ext3 rw 0 0
proc /proc proc rw 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs rw 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sunrpc /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs rpc_pipefs rw 0 0
/dev/sdb1 /home ext3 rw 0 0
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs rw 0 0
/dev/sdc1 /mailhome ext3 rw 0 0
/dev/sdc2 /mnt/d3p1 ext3 rw,nosuid 0 0
centos2[root /etc]# vi fstab
centos2[root /etc]# tail -1 fstab
/dev/sdc3 /mnt/d3p3 ext3 ro,nosuid,noexec,noauto 1 2
centos2[root /etc]# mkdir /mnt/d3p3
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a
centos2[root /etc]# df | tail -1
/dev/sdc2 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /etc]# df /mnt/d3p3
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 14G 3.8G 8.7G 31% /
centos2[root /etc]# tail -3 fstab
LABEL=/mailhome /mailhome ext3 defaults 1 2
UUID=1826b590-f1e9-4393-a012-c353849c52fb /mnt/d3p1 ext3 rw,nosuid 1 2
/dev/sdc3 /mnt/d3p3 ext3 ro,nosuid,noexec,noauto 1 2
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a (오토로 된것만 마운트 해라)
centos2[root /etc]# umount -a (모두 하는게 맞다.)
centos2[root /etc]# mount --help
Usage: mount -V : print version
mount -h : print this help
mount : list mounted filesystems
mount -l : idem, including volume labels
So far the informational part. Next the mounting.
The command is `mount [-t fstype] something somewhere'.
Details found in /etc/fstab may be omitted.
mount -a [-t|-O] ... : mount all stuff from /etc/fstab
mount device : mount device at the known place
mount directory : mount known device here
mount -t type dev dir : ordinary mount command
Note that one does not really mount a device, one mounts
a filesystem (of the given type) found on the device.
One can also mount an already visible directory tree elsewhere:
mount --bind olddir newdir
or move a subtree:
mount --move olddir newdir
One can change the type of mount containing the directory dir:
mount --make-shared dir
mount --make-slave dir
mount --make-private dir
mount --make-unbindable dir
One can change the type of all the mounts in a mount subtree
containing the directory dir:
mount --make-rshared dir
mount --make-rslave dir
mount --make-rprivate dir
mount --make-runbindable dir
A device can be given by name, say /dev/hda1 or /dev/cdrom,
or by label, using -L label or by uuid, using -U uuid .
Other options: [-nfFrsvw] [-o options] [-p passwdfd].
For many more details, say man 8 mount .
centos2[root /etc]# mount /dev/sdc3
centos2[root /etc]# df | tail -1
/dev/sdc3 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mnt/d3p3
centos2[root /etc]# mount | tail -1
/dev/sdc3 on /mnt/d3p3 type ext3 (ro,noexec,nosuid)
centos2[root /etc]#
centos2[root /etc]# umount /dev/sdc3
centos2[root /etc]# mount /mnt/d3p3
centos2[root /etc]# tail -1 fstab
/dev/sdc3 /mnt/d3p3 ext3 ro,nosuid,noexec,noauto 1 2
centos2[root /etc]# tail -2 fstab
UUID=1826b590-f1e9-4393-a012-c353849c52fb /mnt/d3p1 ext3 rw,nosuid 1 2
/dev/sdc3 /mnt/d3p3 ext3 ro,nosuid,noexec,noauto 1 2
centos2[root /etc]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdc2
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
/dev/sdc2 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!
centos2[root /etc]# umount /dev/sdc3
centos2[root /etc]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdc3
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=1024 (log=0)
Fragment size=1024 (log=0)
24576 inodes, 98304 blocks
4915 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=1
Maximum filesystem blocks=67371008
12 block groups
8192 blocks per group, 8192 fragments per group
2048 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
8193, 24577, 40961, 57345, 73729
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 32 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a
centos2[root /etc]# dump2fs /dev/sdc2 | grep -i uuid
-bash: dump2fs: command not found
centos2[root /etc]# dump2fs /dev/sdc3 | grep -i uuid
-bash: dump2fs: command not found
centos2[root /etc]# dump2fs /dev/sdc3 | grep -i uuid
-bash: dump2fs: command not found
centos2[root /etc]# df -a
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 14G 3.8G 8.7G 31% /
proc 0 0 0 - /proc
sysfs 0 0 0 - /sys
devpts 0 0 0 - /dev/pts
sunrpc 0 0 0 - /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs
/dev/sdb1 494M 11M 458M 3% /home
tmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdc1 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mailhome
/dev/sdc2 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /etc]# cat fstab
LABEL=/ / ext3 defaults 1 1
LABEL=/home /home ext3 defaults 1 2
tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0
devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0
sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0
proc /proc proc defaults 0 0
LABEL=SWAP-sda2 swap swap defaults 0 0
LABEL=/mailhome /mailhome ext3 defaults 1 2
UUID=1826b590-f1e9-4393-a012-c353849c52fb /mnt/d3p1 ext3 rw,nosuid 1 2
/dev/sdc3 /mnt/d3p3 ext3 ro,nosuid,noexec,noauto 1 2
centos2[root /etc]# c
centos2[root /var/log]# cd /var/log
centos2[root /var/log]# last
root pts/1 192.168.10.1 Thu Jun 26 05:46 still logged in
root pts/2 192.168.10.1 Thu Jun 26 05:05 still logged in
root pts/1 :0.0 Thu Jun 26 05:03 - 05:16 (00:13)
root :0 Thu Jun 26 05:03 still logged in
root :0 Thu Jun 26 05:03 - 05:03 (00:00)
reboot system boot 2.6.18-348.el5 Thu Jun 26 04:56 (01:12)
reboot system boot 2.6.18-348.el5 Thu Jun 26 04:51 (00:03)
wtmp begins Thu Jun 26 04:51:26 2014
centos2[root /var/log]# cat secure (원격 접속등 보인다.
-bash: syntax error near unexpected token `('
centos2[root /var/log]# fdisk
Usage: fdisk [-l] [-b SSZ] [-u] device
E.g.: fdisk /dev/hda (for the first IDE disk)
or: fdisk /dev/sdc (for the third SCSI disk)
or: fdisk /dev/eda (for the first PS/2 ESDI drive)
or: fdisk /dev/rd/c0d0 or: fdisk /dev/ida/c0d0 (for RAID devices)
...
centos2[root /var/log]# df
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 14G 3.8G 8.6G 31% /
/dev/sdb1 494M 11M 458M 3% /home
tmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdc1 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mailhome
/dev/sdc2 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /var/log]# fdisk /dev/sdc3
Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel
Building a new DOS disklabel. Changes will remain in memory only,
until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous
content won't be recoverable.
Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc3: 100 MB, 100663296 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 96 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 4
First cylinder (1-96, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-96, default 96):
Using default value 96
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 22: 부적절한 인수.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.
centos2[root /var/log]# df
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 14G 3.8G 8.6G 31% /
/dev/sdb1 494M 11M 458M 3% /home
tmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdc1 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mailhome
/dev/sdc2 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /var/log]# fdisk /sdc
Unable to open /sdc
centos2[root /var/log]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdc1 1 96 98288 83 Linux
/dev/sdc2 97 192 98304 83 Linux
/dev/sdc3 193 288 98304 83 Linux
/dev/sdc4 289 512 229376 5 Extended
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-5): 4
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 3
Command (m for help): d
Partition number (1-4): 2
Command (m for help): d
Selected partition 1
Command (m for help): 1
1: unknown command
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition's system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 536 MB, 536870912 bytes
64 heads, 32 sectors/track, 512 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 2048 * 512 = 1048576 bytes
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 장치나 자원이 동작 중.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.
^[[centos2[root /var/log]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
/dev/sdc1 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!
centos2[root /var/log]# fdisk /dev/sdc
Command (m for help): n
Command action
e extended
p primary partition (1-4)
p
Partition number (1-4): 1
First cylinder (1-512, default 1):
Using default value 1
Last cylinder or +size or +sizeM or +sizeK (1-512, default 512):
Using default value 512
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
WARNING: Re-reading the partition table failed with error 16: 장치나 자원이 동작 중.
The kernel still uses the old table.
The new table will be used at the next reboot.
Syncing disks.
centos2[root /var/log]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
/dev/sdc1 is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!
centos2[root /var/log]# mkfs -t ext3 /dev/sdc
mke2fs 1.39 (29-May-2006)
/dev/sdc is entire device, not just one partition!
Proceed anyway? (y,n) y
/dev/sdc is apparently in use by the system; will not make a filesystem here!
centos2[root /var/log]# mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /var/log]# cp -rp /var/log/*
cp: target `/var/log/yum.log' is not a directory
centos2[root /var/log]# cp -rp /var/log/*
cp: target `/var/log/yum.log' is not a directory
centos2[root /var/log]# mount /dev/sdc /mnt/d3p1
mount: /dev/sdc already mounted or /mnt/d3p1 busy
mount: according to mtab, /dev/sdc2 is already mounted on /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /var/log]# cp -rp /var/log/*
cp: target `/var/log/yum.log' is not a directory
centos2[root /var/log]# mount /dev/sdc /mnt/d3p1
mount: /dev/sdc already mounted or /mnt/d3p1 busy
mount: according to mtab, /dev/sdc2 is already mounted on /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /var/log]#
centos2[root /var/log]#
centos2[root /var/log]#
centos2[root /var/log]# df
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 14G 3.8G 8.6G 31% /
/dev/sdb1 494M 11M 458M 3% /home
tmpfs 394M 0 394M 0% /dev/shm
/dev/sdc1 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mailhome
/dev/sdc2 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mnt/d3p1
/dev/sdc1 93M 5.6M 83M 7% /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /var/log]# cp -rp /var/log/* /mnt/d3p1
centos2[root /var/log]# rm -rf /var/log/*
centos2[root /var/log]# cd /etc
centos2[root /etc]# vi fstab
centos2[root /etc]# ls /var/log
centos2[root /etc]# umount -a
umount: /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs: device is busy
umount: /: device is busy
centos2[root /etc]# mount -a
mount: mount point /varlog does not exist
centos2[root /etc]# ls /var/log
centos2[root /etc]# pgrep syslogd
3227
centos2[root /etc]# pgrep syslogd -fl
3227 syslogd -m 0
centos2[root /etc]# service syslog restart
커널관련 기록을 종료 중: [ OK ]
시스템 기록을 종료 중: [ OK ]
시스템 기록을 시작 중: [ OK ]
커널관련 기록을 시작: [ OK ]
centos2[root /etc]#
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